Moral Judgments in Trolley Like Dilemmas: An Eye-Tracking Study
نویسندگان
چکیده
Previous research suggests that participants may be susceptible to confirmation bias after making decisions in moral dilemmas. We manipulated the type of moral dilemmas (personal or impersonal) and the framing of the question prompting participants to respond (emphasizing saving five people or sacrificing one person). The actors in the dilemmas were represented by a series of silhouettes. Eye tracking data revealed that both manipulations had an effect on participants’ gaze. Further analysis of utilitarian choices has shown that there were no framing effects of the prompting question when the dilemmas were impersonal. The data suggests that participants’ subsequent gaze patterns are sensitive to both how the situation is described and the framing of their hypothetical actions. Taken together, our results provide some support to the claim that confirmation bias may arise after making moral decisions.
منابع مشابه
More than a feeling: When emotional reactions don't predict moral judgments
Many moral psychologists have proposed that the difference between people’s moral judgments about the Trolley and Footbridge dilemmas can be explained by their differing emotional responses to the dilemmas. In two experiments, we tested this explanation by presenting the dilemmas and measuring participants’ reactions using a self-report emotion measure (PANAS-X). As might be expected, participa...
متن کاملEffect is sure, but explanation is unsure: Closer investigation of the foreign language effect with Japanese participants
The foreign language effect (Costa et al., 2014) refers to a phenomenon in which the response to a moral dilemma depends on whether it is asked in a native or second language. This study explored this effect with Japanese participants using various types of moral dilemmas. Study 1 adopted twelve variations of trolley dilemmas from Mikhail (2007). Study 2 used seven types of moral dilemmas from ...
متن کاملA Double Causal Contrast Theory of Moral Intuitions in Trolley Dilemmas
In trolley dilemmas a train is about to kill several victims who could be saved if instead a different victim is harmed. A number of theories have been proposed which assume that permissibility judgments in these harm-based moral dilemmas are mediated by an analysis of the underlying causal structure. For example, it has been postulated that it is permissible to harm people as a side effect but...
متن کاملPredicting moral judgments from causal judgments∗
Several factors have been put forward to explain the variability of moral judgments for superficially analogous moral dilemmas, in particular in the paradigm of trolley cases. In this paper we elaborate on Mikhail’s view that (i) causal analysis is at the core of moral judgments and that (ii) causal judgments can be quantified by linguistic methods. According to this model, our moral judgments ...
متن کاملModelling Morality with Prospective Logic
This paper shows how moral decisions can be drawn computationally by using prospective logic programs. These are employed to model moral dilemmas, as they are able to prospectively look ahead at the consequences of hypothetical moral judgments. With this knowledge of consequences, moral rules are then used to decide the appropriate moral judgments. The whole moral reasoning is achieved via a pr...
متن کامل